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Arnhem is the capital of Gelderland province, E Netherlands, a port on the Lower Rhine. It is an industrial, transportation, and tourist center. Textiles, electrical equipment, metal goods, and ships are manufactured. First mentioned in the 9th century, Arnhem was long the residence of the dukes of Gelderland. During World War II British airborne troops suffered (September, 1944) a serious defeat there. Nearby Arnhem is the renowned Kroller-Muller museum of modern art.